early human society essays

early human culture expositions Between the long periods of 1500 and 1789, was a time of developing social orders, government, culture, and the estimations of individuals. Numerous extraordinary English scholars during this time, for example, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Thomas Hobbes composed and gathered their thoughts that portray the idea of individuals and how they meet up to shape a general public where governments are established. During this time, these scholars set out their thoughts in Leviathan, Two Treatises on Civil Government, and The Social Contract. The idea of individuals could be contended from multiple points of view. Some may express its our inclination to be acceptable. Others may guarantee that we are brought into the world normally apathetic or mischievous. As John Locke puts it, I accept that men are made in a clean slate way. Implying that individuals are made a clear tablet and its up to society, our condition, and encounters that make and shape our character. We are neither brought into the world great or underhandedness, yet nonpartisan until a person or thing molds our character, changing and shaping until we become what our encounters have made us. Some have become ones who appreciate helping other people and endeavor to make a general public in which we are completely made equivalent and live in harmony. However, there are other people who have become power eager, egotistical, voracious, and need simply to be in the top positions, venerating the all important greenback. Being what number of people have been formed into desirous, jealous, noxious and merciless people, influences how others are molded. As Hobbes makes reference to in his composition, Leviathan, he expresses ...a few men can speak to others that which is acceptable in the resemblance of fiendishness; and malevolence in the similarity of good; and expand or reduce the clear enormity of good and abhorrence, making men malcontented and upsetting their tranquility at their pleasure (Hobbes 35). Hobbes looks at individuals to other amiably animals, for example, b... <!

The Integrated Curriculum Model Education Essay

The Integrated Curriculum Model Education Essay William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model, the Parallel Curriculum Model, and the Integrated Curriculum Model are propelled, dynamic educational plan models, which add to a predictable improvement of the learning procedure, drawing in understudies in learning and urging them to find out increasingly more effectively. In such manner, standards and parts of these models are significant for the general accomplishment of the learning procedure. Now, it is essential to put accentuation on the way that William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model endeavors to apply a mix of the Parallel Curriculum Model and the Integrated Curriculum Model. On dissecting, the three models, it is conceivable to recognize some normal standards and parts. As a matter of first importance, the three educational program models center around the self-advancement of understudies, which is critical today, when understudies are overpowered with a gigantic measure of data and they have to process data to get information and produce new ones. What is implied here is the way that cutting edge understudies can't depend on their instructors exclusively. Rather, they should concentrate on self-advancement and this is actually what the three educational plan models are worried about. Understudies get a great deal of data from the outside world and they must have the option to process the data to gather information and to produce new information on the ground of obtained one and their own understanding. Subsequently, understudies, demonstrate to come arranged to the life in the cutting edge society, where data rules. Besides, every one of the three models center around the improvement of connecting with educational program. As indicated by the three models, the fundamental motivation behind the educational plan isn't just to assist understudies with acquiring new information, grow new aptitudes and capacities, yet additionally to be occupied with the learning procedure. The last implies that understudies ought to be keen on the learning procedure and the three models center around the commitment of understudies on the grounds that a significant, earnest enthusiasm of understudies to the learning procedure builds the viability of adapting reliably. In such manner, the high inspiration of understudies is another key rule the three models follow carefully. The three models endeavor to arrive at the elevated level of inspiration through non-material support of understudies. They center around the disclosure of good points of view of individual and expert advancement for understudies. Likewise, these models give understudies a positive input from their instructors for any triumphs understudies reach throughout their learning. Simultaneously, William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model and the Integrated Curriculum Model spotlight on the utilization of the multidisciplinary approach, while the Parallel Curriculum Model watches out for the intradisciplinary approach. The multidisciplinary approach prompts the nearby communication between various controls. By and by, this implies understudies need to utilize their insight, aptitudes, capacities and experience from various trains over the span of learning. For example, while playing out an undertaking on history, they may need to utilize their insight into geology, language, arithmetic, and different orders. The Parallel Curriculum Model will in general utilize the intradiscipline approach, which centers around explicit trains and encourages understudies to grow their insight to concentrate on explicit field, which are especially fascinating to them keeping up the connection to different controls. Moreover, William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model and the Integrative Curriculum Model, as it were, center around the utilization of craftsmanship in the learning procedure. In such manner, William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model is especially worried about the utilization of workmanship. The utilization of workmanship is firmly interwoven with the stylish advancement of understudies, which is another worry of William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model and Integrated Curriculum Model. In this regard, it merits referencing the way that workmanship and tasteful improvement of understudies are critical in the contemporary society since understudies live in the exceptionally materialistic world. The developing commercialization pretty much rules out the tasteful instruction and craftsmanship in the life of understudies. In such a circumstance, instruction should offer understudies a chance to learn and to get craftsmanship, to buil d up the non-material, stylish side of their character. The utilization of craftsmanship is especially valuable for conceivably talented understudies. In this way, William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model uses craftsmanship to uncover blessings of understudies and to assist them with realizing their maximum capacity. At long last, all the three models utilize humanistic standards, which are additionally significant in the cutting edge, consumerist society. In such a manner, the three models endeavor to return understudies to major, humanistic standards, which establish the framework to the cutting edge western progress. These humanistic standards are firmly interwoven with vote based standards and standards, which are basic for the advanced society. NEEDS ADDRESSED The three models give a great deal of consideration to the advancement of basic and innovative reasoning. As the obvious certainty, basic and imaginative reasoning is fundamental for the broad understudies self-improvement. Understudies get a ton of data from the encompassing scene yet they need to assess the data basically to collect information and to maintain a strategic distance from misrepresentations, which they can fall in without basic reasoning. Simultaneously, innovative reasoning, which is especially significant for William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model adds to the wide improvement of understudies esteems, convictions, standards and guidelines. What's more, imaginative reasoning encourages understudies to create abilities of powerful critical thinking. Indeed, William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model urges innovative understudies to understand their maximum capacity since it is through understudies imagination they can understand th eir singularity. Simultaneously, the three models keep up the separation of understudies. What is implied here is the way that all understudies have an alternate degree of scholarly turn of events, distinctive mental qualities and attributes, various endowments and tendencies. In this way, the three models will in general create separated educational plan to address issues and needs of every understudy. In such manner, the individual way to deal with understudies is especially successful and the three models endeavor to locate the individual way to deal with every understudy. Besides, the enhancement of understudies is another worry of the three models, in spite of the fact that the Integrative Curriculum Model and the Parallel Curriculum Model spotlight on the scholarly advancement of understudies and stress the significance of the functional use of information and aptitudes obtained by understudies throughout learning, they despite everything center around the improvement and expansive advancement of understudies. Not at all like the Integrative Curriculum Model and the Parallel Curriculum Model, William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model spotlights not just on enhancement of reasonable information, aptitudes and capacities of understudies, yet in addition on the advancement of stylish qualities and inventiveness of understudies. Also, William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model spotlights on the speeding up of understudies improvement to assist them with realizing their abilities. In such manner, the Integrative Curriculum Model and the Parallel Curriculum Model keep away from over the top increasing speed of understudies improvement on the grounds that such quickening influences reliably the self-awareness of understudies. Regularly the quickened improvement can turn into an intolerable weight for understudies, they become excessively worried about their learning and they face issues with their socialization as a result of the absence of extra time. What's more, the three models center around social and passionate needs of skilled and capable students. The three models see social and enthusiastic advancement as a fundamental component of training. Understudies need to experience the procedure of socialization and build up the decent, agreeable character. The three models center around inspiration of understudies. They urge understudies to learning and increment their enthusiasm to learning. In such manner, addressing is a significant piece of instructive procedure in light of the fact that the three models remain on the ground that understudies ought to consistently address (VanTassel-Baska Brown, 2000). Through addressing, they figure out how to discover and acquire knew information autonomously of instructors. At last, the three models center around the utilization of innovation during the time spent training. Today, innovation influences all circles of human life. Consequently, understudies should come arranged to pick up utilizing new advancements and to grow new aptitudes and capacities. In such manner, training encourages understudies to utilize innovation in their regular daily existence. ADVATNAGES AND DISADVANTAGES Clearly, every one of the three models has its own focal points and disservices. On examining points of interest of each model, it merits referencing the way that William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model spotlights on the advancement of abilities of understudies. This model gives a great deal of consideration to the advancement of imagination of understudies. What's more, the model adds to the innovative improvement of understudies and to the development of their stylish tastes, qualities, standards and norms. The Integrative Curriculum Model spotlights on the utilization of multidisciplinary approach and adds to the nearby joining everything being equal (Avery VanTassel-Baska, 2001). With respect to the Parallel Curriculum Model, this model permits understudies to concentrate on the particular field they are keen on. Then again, each model has its own weaknesses. William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model tends to ove

The Best Book Covers of 2018 Will Make Your Eyes So Happy

The Best Book Covers of 2018 Will Make Your Eyes So Happy December is here, which means youre being bombarded with best of lists upon best of lists. Heres another one you can add to the list, but this one comes with a bit of a twist: rather than focus entirely on the content, this is a round-up of the best book covers of 2018. Criteria for the best book covers of the year were open to interpretation by contributors to Book Riot. Each contributor could choose up to two covers, ranging from hardcovers to individual comic issues. What emerged was a collage of beautiful, creative, and engaging covers. Dont see your favorite cover from this year on the list? Tell us about it in the comments! As best as possible, cover designers and artists have been credited. In some cases, tracking down that information proved challenging, so if youre aware of who the geniuses behind any of the uncredited book covers are, please let us know. Without further ado, in no particular order… The Best Book Covers of 2018 The Silence of the Girls by Pat Barker, Jacket design by Emily Mahon The digital version of this book cover doesn’t do justice to the real thing. The elegant draping of the stone dress, the stormy blue palette, and the metallic copper flecks that concentrate in a flurry of color on the spine are absolutely gorgeous. And then, of course, there’s the clever layering of the letters behind the folds of cloth. The overall effect is stunning and evocative. â€"Kate Scott My Sister, the Serial Killer by Oyinkan Braithwaite, Jacket design by Michael J. Windsor This is a stunner! It’s gorgeous, and the reflection in her glasses is scary, and the use of fluorescent green is amazing. I mean, how often do you see fluorescent green on a book cover??? Spoiler: Hardly ever! It’s a bright, hot punch to your brain, just like the book itself. â€"Liberty Hardy Ink by Alice Broadway, Illustrated by Jamie Gregory and designed by Andrew Biscomb The first in a trilogy from the UKâ€"but published through Scholastic Press in the U.S.â€"this cover is absolutely stunning and the sequel, out in 2019, is just as eye-catching. Besides making brilliant use of contrasting colors, the images that are peppered between the orange and black use white space in clever ways. How many different features are there? I spot an owl, a giant feather, a snake, butterflies, and a hawk. Im also smitten with how tiny the title of the book is, in an unassuming all lowercase font. â€"Kelly Jensen Infinite Blacktop by Sara Gran, Jacket Design by Alex Merto This one I love for several reasons. 1. The car standing balancing on its nose like a seal. It’s incredible! How often are cars facing any way but horizontal on a book cover? (Or in real life, for that matter.) 2. The vertical stripes make it trippy and fantastic, just like the novel! 3. The black-and-white stripes make me think of Beetlejuice’s suit. That pleases me. â€"Liberty Hardy Period Power: A Manifesto for the Menstrual Movement by Nadya Okamoto, Jacket Illustrations by Rebecca Elfast It’s pink! The title is HUGE! And, hello, this illustration of reproductive system as a hand sign is dope. As. Heck. It perfectly encapsulates the book, which covers all things period with a political focus. â€"Ashley Holstrom The Serpent’s Secret by Sayantani DasGupta,  illustrated by Vivienne To and designed by Elizabeth Parisi   I could stare at this cover all day long. It’s bold and colourful, and has a brown Bengali girl wearing Desi clothes and holding a bow and arrow front and center! â€"Adiba Jaigirdar Witchmark by C.L. Polk, Illustration and design by  Will Staehle I love a cover with a flipped image, this one showing a well-dressed man and woman on one side and a bowler hat-wearing man bicycling on the other side. The colors and rainy arc of tree branches in the London mist makes me think of Mary Poppins (that scene with Mr. Banks, anyone?) and then all I want to do is put this book into my eyeballs. â€"Aimee Miles Dread Nation by Justina Ireland, Jacket Design by  David Curtis   The bloody sickle is held loosely, Jane’s stance is casual but cautious, as though she’s listening for a threat, but she’s also sure she can handle it. The dark folds of her dress, the smooth bumps of her braids, contrast with her bright face, all framed in front of a fallen American flag. It hints at so many parts of the story without giving anything away. â€"Aimee Miles Buddhism for Western Children by Kirstin Allio Extremely eye-catching, the many, bright eyes of the peacock feathers that wind across the cover command my attention each and every time. â€"Michelle Anne Schingler Welcome to Lagos by Chibundo Onuzo, Illustration and Design by  Bill Bragg   An active city scene catches colorful cars and buses at a bustling cross-section. The novel is active even before page one. â€"Michelle Anne Schingler The Hazel Wood by Melissa Albert, Designed by Anna Gorovoy and illustrated by Jim Tierney The cover is like the fairytale in the novel, with two circular paths running through the city and through the woods, and all the obstacles along the way. My favorite image is of the knife dripping blood. It perfectly sets up that this is no happy-go-lucky walk in the woodsâ€"the cover is as dark and brilliant as the book. â€"Margaret Kingsbury The Poet X by Elizabeth Acevedo, Designed by Erin Fitzsimmons and Art by  Gabriel Moreno   The cover is a work of art. THE HAIR. It’s gorgeous. I love the layer of words flowing from her mind through her hair and out of the cover. The paint splatters are vivid, Xiomara’s eyes are so soulful. It’s perfect. â€"Margaret Kingsbury Mr. Mrs. American Pie by Juliet McDaniel, Design by Lauren Harms I LOVE this coverâ€"it’s so bright and eye-catching, but also so clean and fresh. Plus it tells you a lot about the protagonist, a former beauty queen with a love of martinis and a heart of gold. I also love it because my dog did a great impression of it. Good doggo! â€"Susie Dumond The Map of Salt and Stars by Jennifer Zeynab Joukhadar, Jacket design by    Sandra Chiu Lookit! So pretty! The beautiful sky and landscape framed by the pointed arch and tiling is stunning, plus I love the shadow Arabic under the English title. A gorgeous cover perfect for a gorgeous novel. â€"Susie Dumond Summer of Salt by Katrina Leno, Designed by  Alison Donalty and Michelle Taormina and Illustrated by  Jessica Singh Two adorable girls snuggling on a beach. I’m sold. â€"Rachel Rosenberg How to Be a Good Creature: A Memoir in 13 Animals by Sy Montgomery, Illustrated by Rebecca Green and Designed by  CARA LLEWELLYN.   Illustrated by Rebecca Green, whose work I love. Cute animals in a circular nature vortex. â€"Rachel Rosenberg Tales of the Astonishing Black Spark by Charlie J. Eskew, Illustrated by  Ron Ackins Ahh, I love the cover for this. It shows a black superhero in a fitting costume, determined to take on the world and its ills. Absolutely gorgeous and paying homage to mainstream comic covers for trade paperbacks. â€"Priya Sridhar Dragons in a Bag (Dragons in a Bag #1) by Zetta Elliott,  Illustrated by  GENEVA B Oh my God, this cover is super cute! We see our main character on the cover, with a dragon. What’s more, he is a black kid that is going on this wild, fun adventure! I’ve been waiting for this book for the past few years, and I want to join the ride. â€"Priya Sridhar A Very Large Expanse of Sea by Tahereh Mafi, Designed by  Rodrigo Corral Design I think the simplicity of this cover is what makes it so lovely. The cursive script overlaid on colorful text that almost looks like it’s being viewed through water is so impactful against the white background. It’s one of those covers I can’t stop staring atâ€"it’s just so pretty! â€"Rachel Brittain Man-Eaters #2 by Chelsea Cain, Kate Niemczyk, Lia Miternique Listen, there’s a tampon on the cover of a comic book, which is all I need to say! â€"Jamie Canaves Trail of Lightning by Rebecca Roanhorse, Illustration by Tommy Arnold and Design by Nick Sciacca Any time someone mentions this bookâ€"which is often because it’s awesomeâ€"the cover vividly pops into my brain. It’s like a movie poster for a blockbuster that you just can’t wait to see, and then after you see it you put the poster up on your bedroom wall! â€"Jamie Canaves The Reckonings by Lacy M. Johnson, Jacket Design by  David Litman The Reckonings is a collection of essays about the nature of justice, written by a woman who was raped and nearly killed by a former partner. The striking cover imageâ€"three birds in mid-flightâ€"echoes Johnson’s essay “The Precarious,” in which she draws parallels between gun violence, photography, and vulnerability. She starts with a story about quail hunting with her father as a child and ends with a moment where she felt like a bird about to be shot. That image, along with the ideas from all the essays, have been circling in my mind since I read an ARC of the book in June. â€"Emily Polson If They Come for Us by Fatimah Asghar, Illustrated and Designed by Shyama Golden This debut poetry collection centers on the author’s experiences as a young woman with Pakistani-Muslim heritage living in modern America. I love how this cover puts three women of color front and center, united in sisterhood and solidarity. The artwork perfectly captures the tone of the book, so if you likewise are drawn in by this incredible cover, give the poems a try (even if poetry isn’t normally your thing!). Also, check out this awesome photo of Fatimah recreating the pose with some of her friends on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/p/Bmb5RAElTYy/ â€"Emily Polson Circe by Madeline Miller, Designed by  Will Staehle This incredible retelling of the story of Circe and her banishment from her family of gods was a must-read for most bookish people this year. Miller’s language lends a strength and poetry to Circe’s tale that inspires sympathy, but not pity, for the famous witch’s plight. The bold metallic brass depiction of Circe, framed in a crown of leaves, gives the reader a glimpse into the unyielding character and the epic story within its pages. Mythology at its very best told. â€"Elizabeth Allen Tyler Johnson Was Here by Jay Coles, Designed by Marcie Lawrence and Art by  Charlotte Day The last two years have been huge for books about police brutality and Black Lives Matter in young adult lit, from The Hate U Give  to Dear Martin  to All American Boys. While those covers had their own strengths, nothing quite blew me away like Jay Coles’s debut Tyler Johnson Was Here. It’s totally genius from a marketing perspective, with a design that screams aesthetic (though the Instagram tag is woefully underused). But more importantly, the cover of Tyler humanizes its subject and plays with seeming contradictions in a way that the others do not. The look the cover’s subject throws over his shoulder combined with a floral print that brings Kehinde Wiley’s work to mind is striking and brings the potential reader to ask all sorts of questions. And those questions are what bring you to open the book and start on a heartbreaking and all-too-real story. â€"Abby Hargreaves Emergency Contact by Mary H.K. Choi,  Jacket Design  by Lizzy Bromley I saw this cover, died, and came back to life so I could read the book. The designers really mastered a balance of soft and bold here, with its rosé-colored background, inky black illustrations of the two main characters, and title in shiny gold lettering. There’s also plenty to be said about the positioning of the two subjectsâ€"back to back, comfortable, cell phones upâ€"and their details, like Sam’s tattoo sleeves and Penny’s painted nails. The whole thing is a masterpiece and I won’t hear otherwise, particularly as it celebrates connecting through technologyâ€"just as the story does, which as a society we do all to infrequently. â€"Abby Hargreaves The Brightsiders by Jen Wilde, Designed by Becca S. on Swoon Reads This books is one of the best books I read this year, but also one of the prettiest! I think this cover is totally on point and perfectly matches the content of the book. The main character is a bisexual pop star and the cover model looks the part to a T. Not only so, but her hair is the colours of the bisexual flag and her purple lipstick is totally badass. â€"Beth O’Brien Sadie by Courtney Summers, Designed by Kerri Resnick With an inconsistent mother, Sadie must take up the role of protective provider for her younger sister Mattie. Then, when Mattie is found murdered, Sadie disappears without a trace. The tale is twisted and twisting and the sketched image of a girl with hair blowing in her face, a red jacket the only thing bright, is what one can imagine someone sketches of a person they dont quite know, someone with a face theyve never looked closely at, someone whose face is easily forgotten. Sadie tells the heartbreaking story of lost, forgotten girls and the front cover reflects this well. â€"Abigail Clarkin All Out: The No-Longer-Secret Stories of Queer Teens Throughout the Ages edited by Saundra Mitchell Not only is this one of my favourite reads this year, it’s also just a joy to look at. The intricate illustrations spilling out over the border combined with the blue and metallic color scheme completely draws me in. Even as I look at it now, I can pick out more details from the stories woven in. â€"Danika Ellis The Prince and the Dressmaker by Jen Wang This heartwarming genderqueer love story/coming of age story/fashion extravaganza is perfectly represented by its cover. The close shot of Sebastian and Frances shows the trust and intimacy of their friendship, while Lady Crystallia is somehow simultaneously dominating the cover and blending into the background. That tension is a fitting introduction to this engrossing tale. â€"Danika Ellis The Kiss Quotient by Helen Hoang, Designed by  Colleen Reinhart A unique cover for a unique book. The vibrant color scheme is congruous with the book’s adorable premise, and the textured teal background of algorithms is not only a shoutout to Stella’s penchant for numbers, but on a deeper level, speaks to Michael and Stella’s didactic relationship. Their chemistry is on point and they balance each other out, but really if we strip down the frills of their relationship (pun intended) and get down to the science of it (literally!), this cover displays all the ways Michael and Stella meticulously add up. Their love is as undeniable and irrefutable a fact as 2+2=4, and really it doesn’t get any more romantic than that. “The Kiss” in the title resulting in the couple’s union as the quotient is the icing on the top of the cake. â€"Kamrun Nesa The Calculating Stars by Mary Robinette Kowal, Designed by  Jamie Stafford-Hill Kowal’s novel about an alternative world where a meteor hits the United States in 1952, expediting climate change as well as the space race towards colonization off earth, is a stunning rush of intersectional feminism. It took me entirely by surprise with its superb alt-history approach. Elma York is a Jewish ex-pilot and calculator struggling with anxiety who wants to fight for the space program to be open to all. Throughout the duology, she must confront her white privilege, and the diverse and constantly compelling cast shows the world as it really was in the 1950s while its characters strive to make their society better while struggling to escape the planet. This book was simple, but summed it all up for me: the women walking forward towards us, some of them appearing to be hand-in-hand, but all of them walking with powerful, long strides, off to conquer, off to insist, off to stand up to patriarchal structures. â€"Leah Rachel von Essen Blanca Roja by Anna-Marie McLemore, Designed by  Danielle Mazzella di Bosco I always saw the roses, but it wasn’t until I held the book in my hands that I saw the two swans, intertwined in the red and white of this stunning cover. The surrealism and beauty of the cover perfectly captures a tale that retells a mixture of Swan Lake and the fairytale Rose Red and Snow Whiteâ€"the roses, the forest, the swans. The novel is one of my favorite of the year, with its superb nonbinary trans representation, its soft boys and tough girls, and its story of sisterhood, love, and magic. â€"Leah Rachel von Essen Rainbirds by  by Clarissa Goenawan, Design  by Janine Agro I love an image that makes you look twice. In this case, it seems like its obvious: goldfish. But the top goldfish is actually bright pink and the book itself recalls birds, no fish. The juxtaposition of these elements really brings the entire cover together for me. â€"Kelly Jensen Love cover design talk? Check out these Instagram accounts that celebrate cover art, give a follow to these 23 cover designers on Instagram, then poke around at some of the killed cover concepts for books you know well by another look.  

Poverty and Inequality in Society - 683 Words

Have you ever wondered what it’s like to live in poverty? No proper food, shelter or even clean water. And have you ever stopped for a moment and thought about how inequality and separation has affected the world? Everyone is born different yet we still treat each other differently because of our race, ethnicity, gender, religion and sexuality. Poverty and Inequality has been one of the world’s major concerns. The rich are getting richer and the poor are getting poorer. Poverty is the inability to afford the resources you need to survive; water, food, shelter and results in a few getting wealthy and the majority living in poverty. Inequality is the limiting of people’s social status. This has an effect on your income, resources, opportunities, citizenship and civil rights, lifestyle, education and the list goes on (The Stanford Center, n.d.). Poverty is increasing day by day and this is because the governments in many countries have limited access to resources to supply to the people (Global Issues, 2013). Over 3 billion people survive on less than $2.50 a day. One in every two children lives in poverty. Millions live without proper shelter, safe water or access to health services. In 2003, 10.6 million died before they reach the age of 5 (Global Issues, 2013). This means that there have been roughly 29000 deaths per day. Poverty exists in all countries in the world but is most severe in lower income countries. The rate of poverty is higher in countries that haveShow MoreRelatedEssay about Poverty and Social Inequalities in the Structure of Society969 Words   |  4 PagesPoverty and Social Inequalities in the Structure of Society Poverty can be defined differently, those of contradictory opinions on poverty will probably also have dissimilar opinions on the causes of poverty and the measurement of poverty. For example Marxists and Feminists have ideologies based on conflict. Marxists believe that there is a class struggle, and that the exploitation created by capitalism creates poverty. Feminists believe that Patriarchy builds in socialRead MoreInequality Between Poverty And Poverty1139 Words   |  5 Pagesdecades in ending the terms of inequalities and poverty. Many countries are determined to improve their economy, and become fully developed just like the United States. In my home country, Kuwait, poverty do not exist, however, inequalities do. Some of the countries that have done well in the recent past include China, India, Brazil, and South Korea. However, poverty and inequalities are still being realized in the wealthy nation. Poverty and inequalities in the society are the two main factors thatRead MorePoverty Inequality And The Working Class976 Words   |  4 PagesInequality and poverty are thoroughly interconnected. 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Without this entrenchment of inequality amongst institutions and systems within society, it is clear that poverty would look very different. This paper will delve into the concept of racialized poverty and how racialized minorities have a greater propensity to remain in poverty due to a lackRead MorePoverty Inequality Is Necessary For Many Reasons For Poverty869 Words   |  4 Pagesfood on the table, not being able to pay medical expenses, and more. Inequality is a real problem in America when it comes to social classes. The inequality has been rising throughou t the years. There are many solutions to this problem that have been proposed such as taxing the rich more, or reducing the costs of public colleges, so these people can get educated and get out of poverty. Although this is an issue, some of this inequality is needed in America’s capitalist economy to stimulate productivityRead MoreThe Correlation between Poverty and Gender Inequality1211 Words   |  5 Pages Topic: Poverty and Inequality Key Question: To what extent do poverty and gender inequality affect each other? INTRODUCTION: Gender equality, women’s empowerment and good standard of living (financial stability) are important in their own rights. Today gender inequality is not only a cause of women’s poverty but also a barrier to tackling general poverty.Gender inequality impacts on whether women can benefit from development. Unequal distributionRead MoreCorrelation Between Income Inequality And Homicide Rates1276 Words   |  6 Pagesproject will analyze the connection between income inequality and homicide rates. The data from Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Uniformed Crime Report (UCR) and National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) will be analyzed and the areas of highest homicide rates will be found. The income level of each region will be found by using the data from U.S Census Bureau. This project will also discuss why there is a connection between income inequality and crimes. It is predicted that people who live inRead MorePoverty Inequality : Poverty And Income Inequality1 526 Words   |  7 PagesPoverty Income Inequality How do we balance the assistance we give the poor but do not discourage work? The labor markets which determine how much workers are paid do not take into consideration how much a family really requires to pay for all expenses like health care, clothes, food, housing, and transportation. The labor markets actually create inequalities of income and as a result create issues leading to poverty. Poverty is measured by the U.S. Census Bureau as a direct result of the Office

Architect Louis Sullivan s Views On Architecture - 966 Words

Since the dawn of Modern Architecture, the use of ornamentations on structures has been questioned for its purpose. Many buildings, from Greek or Roman temples, to our modern-day skyscraper can be recognized as having ornamentation. Mass and proportion have been cited as being the priority of a design. Architect Louis Sullivan believes ornamentation should have a purpose and be integrated the relationship of the building’s structure. The Hollyhock House’s harmonious use of ornamentation does not distract from the mass and proportions of the building and therefore aligns with Architect Louis Sullivan’s views on ornaments in architecture. Before finding out what Louis Sullivan’s views were, we must look at why his theory would be able to hold such weight. Born on September 3, 1856 in Boston Massachusetts, Louis Sullivan was considered by many to be one of the fathers of modern architecture in America (Louis Sullivan). Sullivan began his career as an archi tect when he partnered with Architect Dankmar Adler, producing 100 building collaborations in their 14-year partnership (Louis Sullivan). Chicago was seen as the proving grounds for an era of architecture we now call â€Å"Modern Architecture.† Sullivan helped lead this era with his involvement in the architecture group called Chicago School. This group of architects were pushing the envelope on what is possible to be created with modern materials (Chicago). They paved the way for the development of skyscrapers with theShow MoreRelatedFrank Lloyd Wright s Life, Career, Influences And Impact On The Way We See American Architecture1500 Words   |  6 PagesFrank Lloyd Wright is Americas’ best known and most influential architect and arguably the greatest architect of the 20th century from anywhere in the world. Wright is known and respected throughout the world for his innovative and modern designs. 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The Sinusoidal Nature Of Generations - 1310 Words

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Knowledge Management Performance Management

Question: Discuss about theKnowledge Managementfor Performance Management. Answer: Reflective Essay The Nonanka Knowledge Management The root of this model can be from the roots of holistic model of knowledge creation and the management of serendipity. The point of the author is of two types that is explicit knowledge that contains the procedure and manuals of the knowledge management. The other one is tactic model that discuss about the arguments made by the authors. According to Japanese, they have knowledge to change the tactic into explicit knowledge. We have learnt a lot of ways by which the management of the knowledge takes place. It told us about our own knowledge, skills, experience, etc. there are various tools that helps us in reflect the knowledge on ourselves like explicit knowledge, tactic knowledge, social capital and know-why or care-why. We understood the relevancy of knowledge management by applying the theories (Kirkman, Rosen, 1999). We have worked in a team where we learnt that it is very important to have team coordination and cooperation. We have learnt that working in team is related to working as a family and we have to take care about the emotions and feelings of others. We have observed that knowing a good team provides skills and knowledge about own skills and experience. It helps in development of individual skills and behaviors that lead in an effective management of team. We have worked in as team and learnt that the people of group are from diversified background and still work together. The team dynamics are managed through effective management (Aguinis, Pierce, 2008). References Aguinis, H., Pierce, C. A. (2008). Enhancing the relevance of organizational behavior by embracing performance management research. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 29(1), 139-145. Kirkman, B. L., Rosen, B. (1999). Beyond self-management: Antecedents and consequences of team empowerment. Academy of Management journal, 42(1), 58-74.

Marital intimacy skills

Introduction Marital matters are becoming eminent in most parts of the world due to increased rates of divorce. Marital issues also have a great impact on the social part of a community; the social problems that come as a result are not limited to children or the parents but they are common to everyone.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Marital intimacy skills specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The marital problems that occur at times are associated with lack of commitment of intimacy between them or at times insufficient marital skills that the couples have. Other attributing factors include inability to cope with conflict, lack of positive attitude towards each other and finally the degree of forgiveness which at times goes as low as being interpreted as un forgiveness (Everett, 2007:1). Intimacy has been viewed as the heart of every relationship and if not the heart it is a very essential part of the same . It is an integral part of complete love which entails zeal and dedication. Intimacy is in real sense a very hard word to define, no much consensus has been gained in its definition and there are so many components involved in its makeup. According to Harper Elliot (1988), intimacy can be defined as attending and responding to both self and others. It is also argued just like love, intimacy is mutual meaning it is a mutual interaction. Self disclosure which enables one to share self with each other enhances growth in the feeling of closeness and therefore intimacy is increased. Sharing of personal experiences and exchanging cognitive and emotional information is one way of self disclosure for couples which help them to share themselves out to each other. Closeness which replicates a lot on intimacy is a matter of awareness. Successful marriage is enhanced through self disclosure, emotional intimacy, and understanding and caring. The above named elements are attained through traini ngs which will help the couples attain them. The most vital and acceptable training is the training of good communication skills. Communication skills are very important for they are a key element of increasing intimacy in a family. Though these skills are offered, personal maturity is seen to be a fundamental element for attaining an intimate relationship. Maturity in this sense is attained through the use of virtues that enhance human well being like honesty, trust and generosity among others (Natalie, 2005: 34).Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The key elements of intimacy Intimacy can be broken down into four domains namely emotional, intellectual, physical and shared activities. These are the factors that determine the health of marital intimacy. Where these factors are ensured, there is successful marriage and healthy marital intimacy. The above elements are meant to ti e the relating people together out of will and love and work in the individual to enhance their intimacy. Intimacy is about communication and the varying levels of connections the people in love share. Intellectual connection revolves around sharing of morals and set goals which at times people think is the key element of an intimacy. The intellectual intimacy or connection is involved with a lot of disagreement and agreement which when resolved enables one to develop skills in effective communication. A strong couple has the abilities to teach and learn from each other. Care is the other most searched for and desired aspect of an intimate relationship. It is therefore a pertinent issue for an intimacy. Many times emotionalism overshadows rationality. Trust is one of the instinct that without in a relationship it as well as crippled. In a relationship one seeks for genuine emotional support for love is evidence that emotional ties really exists. The four main element of intimacy are truthfulness, loyalty, honesty and commitment. Intimacy for a couple has different intimacy which include verbal, sexual, psychological, spiritual, intellectual and emotional. All are in the same package and of the same importance if the couple has to win the game of intimacy for one another. When these six types are learnt and implemented in one life the relationship grows and there is a deeper way of satisfaction for each one of them. As the partners strive to meet the six domains of intimacy conflict finds its way. A relationship which predicts out intimacy also spells out conflict In an intimate relationship frustration, anger and conflict are inescapable. This is because they are the uniting fibers of human relationships. Marriage is an intimate relationship which demands a lot and has many challenges as compared to other human relationships. This is due to the fact that is the most intimate relationship of all the human relationship. Conflict is a hindrance to intimacy. Peopl e with great attachments are the people are exposed to fights and conflicts depth more often. Learning the value of the conflicts which occur in a family is the genesis of building a good communication strategy in a marriage. Intimacy is known to get deeper when conflict arises and they are handled, though the process most of the times is painful but it is very fulfilling. In deed love tends to deepen after a quarrel (Howard Clinebell, 1965:1).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Marital intimacy skills specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conflicts are brought about by the differences we carry along from our families and also by failure of the partners to detach themselves from their original offspring. Conflict may also rise from differences in ideas and way of doing things. Therefore skills to handle all this differences are required by both parties which will help them handle their issues peaceful and main tain and enhance their intimacy. Communication in conflict resolution is another major area that needs skills which should be taught and learnt (Waring, 1988:65). Communication as a key to closeness or intimacy Relating which is the genesis of intimacy is all about communication. The depth of a relationship can be established in the confines of the quality of communication. Good communication is how well one can pass and receive messages and meanings; it’s therefore a key tool to achieve mutuality in a relationship. The heart of a marital intimacy understands each other. Communication is not limited to verbal styles it is not only done through words. For example a wife who coldly responds to the husbands greeting after tough day’s work conveys a lot of information to him. This is equaled to have used a loud outburst full of anger. Communication is a combination of many aspects and it is simultaneously in that when you are speaking to your spouse you give different faci al expressions and also tones which in themselves convey some messages (Howard Clinebell, 1965:1). The extent unto which a couple can be able to communicate is one of the ways to measure how your relationship is established. The modes of communication that one desire varies; others love it done through feeling others through colors and others like it dictated through scenes. A single statement may have different meaning depending on what accompanies it. Tough words spoken followed by caress or a soft touch reflect a lot of love though the statement may be powerful depressing. The same statement from the mouth of a boss will sound awkward like, ‘I never thought you would ever come back’. The statements we use may cause our spouse or partners get away from us or draw them close to us. The statement, ‘I thought you would never come back’, with a tone that is soothing implies acceptance but if done with other tones it may reflect denial. Communication is a two way traffic affair. In a marital relationship the information received is interpreted in the context of what happened between them earlier. When one is able to communicate with both parties agreeing to it, is a very important skill for the growth of marital intimacy. Marriage is one relationship which gives chances for multilevel passing of messages and meanings. For a couple to achieve this they need to learn some few aspects of communication and very important statements which enhance good communication (Howard Clinebell, 1965:1).Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To enhance intimacy in a relationship, non verbal communication is very important to spice up the relationship. You don’t have to always use the word I love you they may seem obvious, a romantic glance or a kiss with affection like at the back of the neck, a playful touch in an apt spot are some of the ways you convey that message. Giving a gift, listening keenly, giving flowers and many other are ways of communicating your affection and showing intimacy through communication. The satisfaction and joy yielded in marriage comes with the ability to invent news of communicating as a means of showing intimacy. Lack of communication both in sending messages and improper listening in many of the marital relationships is interpreted for neglect. Can intimacy skills be learnt? In a view of trying to understand marital intimacy skills, they are the skills that enable people relating with each other intimately, manage to live in harmony and grow together. They therefore precisely inclu de conflict resolution skills, good communication skills, and other virtues like honesty, generosity among others. The analysis shows more than half of the people who get into marriage never have in mind these virtues and neither think about them before. This implies though they thought they would handle these issues they finally overwhelm them hence the best way to help them or resolve is getting advice which is way of being trained. Learning of the vital marital intimacy skills helps build up the desired relationship between the two partners. Intimacy can be defined as the ability to blend with your partner emotional, physically, in spiritual matters and also in the sexual communion. It is also the ability to understand the difficulties of living and sleeping with a stranger after the wedding. Marital intimacy is the process of the couple to honestly disclose themselves to each other of who they are and how satisfied they are with their marital relationship (Clinton Sibcy, 2006). Intimacy skills are taught and can be learned through the marital enrichment programs. Like any other skill, the marital intimacy skills can be acquired trough learning when one goes through the marital enrichment programs. Professionalism in counseling can be utilized to effectively design sessions which will help the couples develop intimacy and other skills. Intimacy is a very key factor or element for a lasting relationship. Intimacy skills are not independent in that they must be learnt in conjunction with other skills which would enhance a stable and long lived relationship. The skills are learnt at different paces by different couples and they are useful for resolving marital issues. Programs set for marital counseling according to some theories are known to clearly evident that intimacy skills can be learnt and taught with the goal idea of making a stable lasting relationship. This is said to be specific to circumstances and groups. The cream of a good marriage has been ide ntified to revolve around the confines of good communication, conflict resolution, positive behaviors and intimacy. This makes in clear in the minds of everyone how intimacy is vital in a marriage and how much influence it has in marriage life (Hickmon et al, 1998: 589). Self disclosure is the center bolt of intimacy. Self disclosure is affected by different factors including commitment to the relationship, meaning and the frequency of disclosure. Undiscriminating disclosure, which entails sharing only the negative information about one’s spouse, is a leading killer to intimacy. Enhancement of intimacy starts with what is in the mind. The marital intimacy skills which revolve around conflict management, communication and commitment are skills that can be learnt. Intimacy is maintained by balancing the six types of intimacy. For if that is not done it leaves one of the partners without being satisfied. In deed if one is valued than the rest it implicates negatively on the inti macy level of the family. Intimacy builds up on values and virtues which are a good platform for the growth and expansion of an intimate relationship. Commitment affects intimacy in real sense is referred to as the foundation and it’s also vital for the growth of intimacy. The virtues which are the baseline of intimacy are learnt and developed and it is unless the people involved understand the importance of this virtues they are able to guard them and also implement them (Natalie, 2005: 34). Sexual intimacy is what comes to the mind of many when marital intimacy is mentioned. It is an area of great importance in a marital relationship; myths have it that this area is naturally learnt and come automatically. This may be true but learning on the matters of how to satisfy your husband or wife sexually is one vital aspect of a marital relationship. Training on this key element helps one overcome the barriers of sexual satisfaction and also learn new ways of engaging in sex which would help one enjoy more in this area. Being one reason why most people get into marriage to avoid multiple partners being taught how to prepare yourself and your partners for this task is very important. This skill does not come from nowhere it calls for one to sit under skilled individual or trained personnel to get this information (Eggerichs, 2005:1). Intimacy so much calls for values and virtues to grow and develop. From much of what we have seen is that intimacy develops after identifying some values you admire in an individual hence they play a key role in the development and maintenance of intimacy. The best of the marriages that have enjoyed complete intimacy in the relationships are those who have managed to working on their skills in commitment, communication and conflict resolution. The above discussions were to help you understand the integral role communication and conflict play in intimacy. These three elements are best achieved through programs which enable the spo uses to learn from each other (Natalie, 2005: 34). Most of these factors are learnt in the primary level of pre-marital counseling and through marriage enrichment program. This is an activity which has helped promote mutual commitment to each other. The people who enroll are helped to develop good communication skills and listening skills, in this they also get to acquit themselves with conflict solving ways. The couple is able to share their feelings, developing interactions skills and a desire for an intimate relationship. This training is consent of the couple who value their marriage. Meaning they are deliberate and willing to make an impact on their marital growth. This means those who are willing to do something about their relationships should be helped during their pre-marital counseling. The marital intimacy skills can be learnt through interaction with each other and also from a caring couple (Eggerichs, 2005:1). Communication skills have been of great influence to the int imacy of couples. Many couples are suffering from communication breakdown in their marriage which means the solutions in their families is communication build up. They therefore need to be helped to learn how to communicate to each other in the view to build up their intimacy once again. Proper communication in marriage creates understanding between the two parties. This is vital in making them closer to each other and be able to share with each other. Where there is communication failure, parties do not even get to know each other as is expected in any kind of marriage setup. Communication skills cannot be developed or gained they can only be taught. For example there are couples who can rarely talk about their sexual lives and cannot be able to make meaning about their desires, leaving them wounded hence no desire for sexual intimacy making the general outcome of intimacy incomplete (Natalie, 2005: 45). One of the leading healers of intimacy in families is the learning of conflict resolution skills and communication skills. How one handles the conflict is a skill you learnt from other and from past experiences. This calls for one to be taught interpersonal skills in this particular area. These are better learnt using technical examples which help the couples internalize their situations in the view of the example offered to learn better. Sharing is dreaded by many but so far it is the leading way of off-loading the burdens of our hearts and also learning from each other. Self-disclosure is a major element of intimacy but it should not be done without learning how best to do it. For it can kill the intimacy in a family due to the manner it is done or when. During conflicts is not the best time to disclose your partners weaknesses actually it’s the time to learn by watching and listening carefully. Skills in this are very important to retain the intimacy of the relationship at its cream. Skills are central part of a successful marriage, many people get into marriage for a couple of reasons but it does not hit them the need to acquire intimacy skills needed to make their marriage a success. Most people have been known to enter into marriage without any knowledge of intimacy skills. Ephesians 5:31, talks about a union where a man will be joined to his wife and becomes one flesh this shows how much disclosure is expected between the two parties. Conclusion Marital intimacy skills are very vital for every relationship. Lack of these skills means destructive antagonism and blame games in the relationship. These skills are not in borne they are learnt through experiences but more they are taught by professionals who include the trained church pastors and other professionals in this particular domain. Having in mind many people get into marriage for a couple of reasons but it does hit them the need to acquire intimacy skills needed to make their marriage a success. Most people have been known to enter into marriage without any knowledge of intimacy skills. This has caused these people to have a lot of challenges in their marriage. Many marriages have been Brocken because the parties do not know how to relate with their spouses. The learning o the marital intimacy skills are very vital because it enable people to be able to solve the challenges that come their way. Most of the marital issues and problems are ascribable to ignorance or lack of these skills. People need to be advised to attend counseling on marital intimacy skills. This would save many marriages from breaking and from other related issues like domestic violence. Marital intimacy skills are matters of values and virtues that people required to allow an honest disclosure to each other continually. They are therefore attributes that can be learnt and people should willingly open up to these teachings for them to be effect on their marriages and relationships. Reference List Clinton, T Sibcy, G. (2006). Why you do the things you do: The secret to healthy relationships. Nashville, TN: Integrity Publishers. Eggerichs, E. (2005). Love and respect. Nashville, TN: Integrity Publishers. Everett, R. (2007). Marital intimacy skills. US: MightyStudents.com. Web. Harper, J. M Elliot, R. M. (1988). Can there be too much of a good thing? The relationship between desired level of intimacy and marital adjustment. American Journal of family therapy, 16(44), 351-360. Hickmon, W. A, Protinsky, H. O. Singh, K. (1998). Increasing Marital Intimacy: Lessons from Marital Enrichment. Contemporary Family Therapy. Volume 19, Number 4, 581-589. Howard, J. Clinebell, C. H. (1965). The Intimate Marriage. Chicago: religion-online.org. Web. Natalie, A. S. (2005). How virtues and values affect marital intimacy. California: Department of Marriage and Family Therapy. Web. Waring, E. M. (1988). Enhancing marital intimacy through facilitating cognitive self Disclosure. Nashville, TN: Integrity Publishers. This research paper on Marital intimacy skills was written and submitted by user Gabriella Becker to help you with your own studies. 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Free Essays on Essay On A&P

In John Updike’s â€Å"A&P†, Sammy the main character and narrator creates the emotion and development for the story. Let’s take a look at what Sammy has helped us to learn about his character. Sammy has told us that he is a nineteen year old from a small town near Boston. He works for the local A&P supermarket. The major interpretation about Sammy is how he sees everyone else. Everything we interpret comes from the detailed descriptions of Sammy. He tells us what the store is like, how it looks, and what he hears while he is there. Sammy’s descriptions bring a different type of meaning to the saying â€Å"Grocery Shopping†. For instance on page 271, he talks about a little song you hear from the cash register. â€Å"Hello (bing) there you (gung) happy pee-pul (splat)!† This extensive description brings the store to life. It is almost as if the store where another character. Some of Sammy’s comments about people also show his character. His descriptions of the people shopping in the store give us ideas about him. â€Å"The sheep pushing the carts down the aisle†, â€Å"A few house slaves in pin curlers† and â€Å" The fat one with the tan† show us how critical of people Sammy’s character is. In closing, the way a character is described and how they are related to in the story reveals a lot about the development of the character.... Free Essays on Essay On A&P Free Essays on Essay On A&P In John Updike’s â€Å"A&P†, Sammy the main character and narrator creates the emotion and development for the story. Let’s take a look at what Sammy has helped us to learn about his character. Sammy has told us that he is a nineteen year old from a small town near Boston. He works for the local A&P supermarket. The major interpretation about Sammy is how he sees everyone else. Everything we interpret comes from the detailed descriptions of Sammy. He tells us what the store is like, how it looks, and what he hears while he is there. Sammy’s descriptions bring a different type of meaning to the saying â€Å"Grocery Shopping†. For instance on page 271, he talks about a little song you hear from the cash register. â€Å"Hello (bing) there you (gung) happy pee-pul (splat)!† This extensive description brings the store to life. It is almost as if the store where another character. Some of Sammy’s comments about people also show his character. His descriptions of the people shopping in the store give us ideas about him. â€Å"The sheep pushing the carts down the aisle†, â€Å"A few house slaves in pin curlers† and â€Å" The fat one with the tan† show us how critical of people Sammy’s character is. In closing, the way a character is described and how they are related to in the story reveals a lot about the development of the character....

COPD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

COPD - Essay Example The diagnosis of the last visit was emphysema that was ruled out from the X-Ray report that indicated an increased AP diameter and hyperinflation of both lungs. However, the patient rejected the endorsed pulmonary function trials and did not want to be admitted in the hospital. She was discharged, and the doctor prescribed antibiotics and inhaler as treatment to enhance her condition. To conclude that the patient suffered from emphysema, it was necessary to carry out the chest X-ray (Cohn & Brower, 2012). The results showed hyperinflation of both lungs that had an enlarged AP diameter. Based on the patient’s complaints the diagnosis of dyspnea and cough is made. For further analysis, pneumonia is a likely illness because of the high fevers of 101 degrees, hence a need to carry out the appropriate tests. In addition, on percussion of her chest a dullness sound was heard which is an indication of pneumonia. In order to confirm the COPD diagnosis and measure the severity of the obstruction, other diagnostic trial, for instance, spirometry is critical (Lam, 2014). On the other hand, the laboratory tests include ÃŽ ±l-antitrypsin and hemoglobin/hematocrit levels. Lack of ÃŽ ±l-antitrypsin is a risk factor for OCPD and the hemoglobin/hematocrit levels determine the extent of hypoxemia. It is also crucial to consider sleeplessness as a diagnosis since the patient suffers from orthopnea. I gained further understanding that COPD consists of emphysema and bronchitis. I also gained insight on the difference between COPD, asthma and pneumonia. In addition, I gained knowledge on the significance of adherence to recommended treatment and physical exercise to limit the continuation of COPD. I also comprehended the different levels of COPD and that taking a balanced diet is paramount in minimizing exacerbations. Moreover, it is important to receive pneumonia vaccines in every five years as well as influenza vaccine annually to avoid

Securing the US Border Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Securing the US Border - Term Paper Example A lot of other technological measures were also taken to enhance border security. On September 11, 2001, two towers fell, but a nation of millions rose as one. The aftermath of the terrorist attacks was massive. It defied the whole foundation of US border security. People were left feeling unsafe in their own homes. The terrorist attacks cut a huge swath across the US policy landscape, ranging from major military and foreign policy actions to the biggest reorganization of the federal government since shortly after the end of World War II. Since the hijackers entered the country through legally issued visas, immigration was automatically linked with terrorism and border security. As a result, the structures of the federal immigration bureaucracy and immigration policies at the borders and within the US interior have been dramatically reshaped, along with other border security measures and economic policies. 9/11 was an attack on the democracy and the open economy of the US. US and Canada share a border that stretches across 8,893 kilometers of land and three oceans, and the US and Mexico share a border that is extended for 3141 km(Universalium,2010). It is the general consensus of the American population that the Mexican-US border needs to be more secure as to stop the smuggling of drugs and illegal immigrants but Senator Lieberman, in a report emphasized that the Canadian border should be more secure as there are more extremist Islamist families living in Canada. Border patrolling dates back to as early as 1904, when mounted watchmen patrolled the border to prevent illegal Chinese immigrants. Now, border security is just not limited to patrolling watchmen, but also includes biometric scans, lasers, virtual fence, cameras, motion detectors, and sensors.

Fluid Management System

Fluid Management System CAREER EPISODE 1 INTRODUCTION CE 1.1: Project title Fluid Management System was completed in my last year of Bachelor Degree program. I completed my Bachelors of Engineering Technologist in Mechatronics from Chisholm Institute, Dandenong, Australia. My first career episode is based on this project experience that I gained and performed for the fulfillment of my work placement. The project was completed in 13 weeks, from July 2015 to October 2015. I was assisted and guided by Prof. Francis Percy, lecturer of Advance PLC. BACKGROUND CE 1.2 Nature of project My project water management system operated on six different modes, operator can switch between different modes with the help of control panels that are mounted on each operating mode switch. It has 2 modes for each operational mode i.e. Automatic and Manual mode. 1 is used to represent Automatic mode and 2 for Manual mode. There are also auto-manual switch selectors. The mode is chosen based on the way user wants to operate. For this purpose, SCADA PLC programming is done to provide user friendliness. CE 1.3 The pump MDC 118 operates when the tank 1 or 2 is filled from the holding tank whereas MDC 103 operates when filling it between tank 1to tank 2 or vice-versa. The six operational modes are: Operation mode 1 fills tank 1 from holding tank through SV321 value (energized) and SV322(deenergized). Operational mode 2 fills tank 2 from holding tank through SV321 and SV322 valves (deenergized). Operational mode 3 fills tank 1 which has an analog sensor to manage the start and stop level for the filling with exact value from tank 2 through SV323 deenergized valve and SV324 energize value. Operational mode 4 fills tank 3 which has a digital and capacitive sensor to manage the start and stop level for the filling with capacitive sensors, LSL 532 and LSH 531 from tank 2 through SV323 energized valve and SV324 deenergize value. Operational mode 5 fills the holding tank to tank 1 and at the same time, transfers tank 1 to tank 2 through SV321 (energized), SV322 (de-energized), SV323 (de-energized) and SV324 (energized). It also maintains a set point for filling the tanks. Operation mode 6 fills the holding tank to tank 2 and at the same time, transfers tank 2 to tank 1 through SV321 (energized), SV322 (energized), SV323 (energized) and SV324 (de-energized). It also maintains a set point for filling the tanks. CE 1.4 Objectives To prove my overall understanding on automation system, I had to complete a project. I chose a project that was based on how the automation system works in manufacturing industry of advance PLC department. And as per my project requirement I had to perform PLC and SCADA programming. Based on the two choices given to me, from Fluid management system and Pressure management system, I chose Fluid management system. The objective was to make a complete a fully automated fluid management system using PLC programming with an HMI/SCADA in 13 weeks duration. It should consist of 3 water tanks, 2 pumps, number of 2 3 way valves using Allen Bradely software IFIX SCADA software and various fluid level measuring instrument. It was further required to: Program PLC for six operating modes While implementing all the hardware like fault lights operating lights SCADA programming Interfacing. CE 1.5 The chart of organizational structure CE 1.5 Duties I studied and researched the basic architecture of the fluid management system which included PLC CPU (Allan Bradley), Device Net Scanner and Flex I/O, RSlogix 5000(PLC programming software), HMI interact and software. I prepared the fluid management trainer system Device Net Network Set up. I created the PLC CPU DeviceNet scanner Module interface I create the mapping DeviceNet Nodes Input and outputs to the DeviceNet Scanner Module input and output registers. Performed commissioning and testing of a PLC system Coded the PLC programming for the water station for six different operating modes. Represent all the different modes to supervisor, explaining them how it works. Diving and providing time slots to team members. Maintaining balance and peace to avoid conflict among each other. Kept good relations with supervisor. Reporting the development of the project to the lab supervisor and coordinator. PERSONAL ENGINEERING ACTIVITY CE 1.6 The project I have done related to the educational qualifications that I have obtained in my degree course. The relationship between the different modules and project processes is explained below: PLC (Program logic control): Here, I learned how to write PLC program with Allen Bradley software by using RS logic 5000. This skill was helpful in completing my programming design for water station. Instrumental Principal: This module gave me the knowledge about sensors, how they work and wiring of the sensors, how you can program them. For this project, I have used electronics level sensor LK31 and Impeller flow meter. Electronics level sensor determine the level of fluid according to the capacitive measuring principal. Industrial Networking: My project involved the knowledge of DeviceNet and scanner which was learnt from this module. Project management: Project management module skills were completely applied at all the stages of project. The project was also divided in to two parts. All the tasks were scheduled and divided accordingly. I applied various techniques to practical implementation that learnt from project management. Mathematics and Fluid Mechanics: My project involved a lot of calculation for example, the calculations to find torque, force, and power for the motor along with the calculations done to find the physical parameters of components. I also did the calculations to select the pulley and belt as well. Professional Engineering Technologist: During the project life cycle, while working with Water station, I had to rely on the communication skills. The work experience gained during this project demonstrated how important the communication skills are to the professional engineering technologist. CE 1.7 As a group project, I had to separate the system which contains two main part PLC programming and SCADA programming. I decided to complete the PLC programming and assigning my mate mater the SCADA programming. In PLC Program subroutine, to make the programming easy for controlling, for finding faults and for easy access to different part of programming, I had to split the main routine into different subroutine. This process can be seen below:   Ã‚   Figure 1 PLC Program design methodology CE 1.8 To prevent the occurrence of PLC program interlocking, this technique of energization of one contractor prevents the energization of other until it is in use. This method is called interlocking and I used interlock as a pre-requirement of the task to run the program. Various safety factor and other reasons such as Pump/Motor Faults, pressure requirement of system etc. are considered to run the function of PLC properly. It also makes the programming part easy, for this only writing the code logic of interlocking at one place is required and the same code is used as a pre-requirement of task at another place. Figure 2 logic of interlock in one place and use interlock as pre-requirement of task CE 1.9 Considering the program logic interlock as Pump fault. It means, that if there is no pump fault, then the PLC will start running normally. Once the PLC starts running, it starts to operate in mode 1. In programming mode one, filling the tank 1 from holding tank through SV 321 valve (energized) and SV 322 valve (de-energized) is done. For the PLC program to be permissive, i.e. each process condition undertaken is called a permissive. For example, consider permissive to be a burner control for large combustion furnaces. To start the burners in a large furnace safely, the control system requests permission from several process switches, including high and low fuel pressure, air fan flow check, exhaust stack damper position, access door position, etc. Every process condition that it undergoes is called a permissive. In the below diagram, it is control to fill the tank 1 by tank level permissive, if water level is below 10cm it will start filling tank until to reaches 13cm. Figure 3 PLC program permissive CE 1.10 Once the PLC program was completed and along with all the DeviceNet IOs pre-commissioned, registered and labelled in the PLC controller memory I started to design each operating modes. I started with operating mode 1. Once the programming of operation mode 1 and 2 was completed and it started working as intended, I could test the rest of the inputs in the system which were the water level sensors. While programming I constantly referred to operating mode table that I made using various engineering tools. Once the basic idea was plotted in the table format, the programming of remaining operating modes was successfully completed and also some extra additional features were added. Figure 4 Operating mode table CE 1.11 In the system architecture, there is a PLC CPU, DeviceNet Scanner and Flex I/O, RS logic 5000, PLC program and SCADA IFIX program. DeviceNet is a network system that is used in the automation industry to interconnect control devices for data exchange. In the water management system, there is a DeviceNet scanner node. In a typical configuration, the scanner module acts as an interface between DeviceNet devices and the programmable controller. The scanner module communicates with DeviceNet devices over the network to: Read inputs from slave devices Write outputs to slave devices Communicate with peer devices. DeviceNet nodes setup as follows: Node 0: 1794-SDN Compact Logix DeviceNet Scanner/Master Module used for DeviceNet network control and data exchange with the PLC CPU. Node 1: Allen Bradley Flex IO distributed IO system. Node 2: Allen Bradley DeviceNet interface Stack Light system. Node 4: Allen Bradley Variable Speed Drive used for speed control of pump MDC118 CE 1.12 I started performing test runs at the final stage, which includes: Checked all the cable connections between the PLC and the plant are complete, safe, and to the required specification that meets the local standards. Checked that all the incoming power supply matches the voltage setting for which the PLC is set. Checked all protective devices are set to their appropriate trip settings. Checked that emergency stop button. Checked that all input/output devices are connected to the correct input/output points and giving the correct signals. And checked the FLEX I/O system that contains a network adapter, terminal bases, and I/O modules. CE 1.13 After performing the above troubleshooting, the only problem I faced during the implementation of the whole system was that the Emergency stop button wasnt working. To solve this issue, I took various steps. I started by checking the connections. The first module is 1794-ADN DeviceNet Gateway module which is used to communicate and transfer data between the DeviceNet Master Module and the Flex IO modules 2 4. And the module the next 3 modules in order from 2 to 4 are 1794-IB32 Digital Input Module 1794-IE4XOE2 Analog Input/output combination module 1794-OB16 Digital Output Module. I checked the digital and analog input connection with emergency button with help of my lab supervisor and realized the problem was regarding the analog and digital input only, so I tried to resolve it by doing a research and taking suggestions from supervisors. SUMMARY CE 1.14 I successfully achieved all the objectives of the project within specified time limit and I gained good knowledge from this project as I did intense research about sensors and PLC programing for my project in the form of literature review. This had added many useful engineering techniques to my knowledge and enhanced my problem solving and analytical skills. In addition to that, I also implemented and used my engineering knowledge to make this project successful. I used concepts of various Engineering techniques and PLC programing which I had studied during my course of Bachelor of engineering technologist in Mechatronics. I presented a project thesis and seminar on my work on submission of my project.

Photography in Flux Essay -- Digital Photography Pictures Technology E

Photography in Flux It is no secret that digital photography is very rapidly finding a niche in modem society, in both the professional realm as well as in the home. The advent of newer, faster, and more embellished technologies have placed the power of photographic production in the hands of the common person. An art form that formerly was left to the charge of few skilled professionals has been forever changed by these technologies. Certainly, this evolution of sorts has its strengths as well as its drawbacks. What advantages does a photographer have with digital technology that he or she might not have with a traditional camera? What are the disadvantages? And what does this technology mean for the future of the photography trade? First, what exactly is the fundamental technological difference between digital photography and conventional film? In Tom Ang's The Art of Digital Photography, he says that "the key difference is the light-sensitive medium used to capture the image" (10). Okay. Well what does that mean? Images in traditional film are created when "silver salts suspended in the emulsion convert the amount of light falling on them into a latent image" (Ang 10). When film is developed, the chemical processes that occur magnify the changes to produce a viewable image. By contrast, digital cameras have an electronic sensor that converts the light falling on it into an electrical charge, which is then processed by electrical circuitry and turned into a code that can be stored, transported, copied, etc. Advantages Essentially, once an image exists in digital form, it can either be tweaked to adjust even its most indiscernible features or it can be entirely morphed into something altogether different. There ... ...exis.com>. Ippolito, Joseph A. Understanding Digital Photography. Clifton Park, NY: Thomas/Delmar Learning, 2003. Meyer, Pedro. "Traditional Photography vs. Digital Photography." ZoneZero: From Analog to Digital March 1, 2001. 14 Sept. 2004 <http://www.zonezero.com/ editorial/marzoO l /march. html>. Potts, Mary Anne. "Q&A: The Pixel Pro." National Geographic Adventure Magazine June/July 2003. 15 Sept. 2004 <http://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/ 0306/gn_a.html>. Sand, Michael L. "Metamorphoses: Photography in the Electronic Age." Aperture 136 (1994): 3. Smurthwaite, Nick. "Faking It." Design Week April 1998: 17-19. LexisNexis Academic. Parks Library, Iowa State U. 15 Sept. 2004 <http://www. lexisnexis.com> Ziegler, Katleen and Nick Greco. Digital Focus: The New Media of Photography. Southampton, Pa.: Dimensional Illustrators, 1997.

Explore how Carol Churchill presents woman in the role of mother in “Top Girls”

In the first act, Churchill has created a surreal environment for all of the women. We find, during the course of the meal, that all of the women have things in common. Each of the women had children apart from Isabella. Lady Nijo and Griselda however, had to live without knowing their children because of their husbands, in both cases the husbands removed the children. Dull Gret is slightly different, she experienced living with her children and bringing them up, however her oldest and youngest were killed during war. Pope Joan does not know what happened to her baby, as she was stoned to death as soon as she gave birth, she assumes they killed it. Marlene, the leader of the women had a completely different story to tell, however she does not talk of it during Act One. Marlene became pregnant at 17 and let her sister, Joyce adopt the baby because at the time Joyce could not become pregnant. Marlene has since, had two abortions. Griselda, Lady Nijo and Marlene are all similar in the fact that they all had to sacrifice their children for a particular reason. Griselda sacrificed her children to make the man she loved happy. Griselda does not arrive to the meal until quite late, the other women are all drunk and merry and Griselda appears un noticed. She appears polite but shy and does not want to make a fuss but eventually gives into a pudding, â€Å"Oh if everyone is. I don't mind. † Marlene automatically puts her in the spot light by introducing her as having the â€Å"fairy-story† life. All of the women become interested in Griselda's story and begin questioning it. Griselda, whilst talking appears still faithful to the Marquis, â€Å"But of course a wife must obey her husband. And of course I must obey the Marquis. Throughout the story of Griselda's life, Marlene acts as if she is almost showing off that she already knows the story, â€Å"Oh, you wait. † This shows that Marlene feels a need to be included and in control at all times. Unlike Lady Nijo, Griselda spent six weeks with her first born, a girl, Nijo finds this hard to believe, â€Å"Much better to do it straight away . † Only Nijo truly understands Griselda's life and she has been put in the same position, Marlene finds it an outrage that she let the Walter take her baby, â€Å"Walter was bonkers† and obviously, it will be hard for Gret to accept as she brought up her own children, â€Å"Bastard†. Even when everybody else is being un fair and negative about Walter, Griselda remains with her upbeat attitude, whilst still shy she shows her feelings. Griselda takes up much of the conversation when she arrives, and when this conversation has ended she doesn't talk much more. Throughout Act One and throughout Griselda's life story Lady Nijo listens, and doesn't talk an awful lot about her background and history. She talks about her past in and amongst everyone else's conversation, although they listen to her, they do not pay as much attention to her as they do to Griselda. Lady Nijo does not appear as hurt and as faithful to her children as Griselda did to hers, this is probably because Griselda spent a short time with her children and Nijo did not. Lady Nijo's first baby was Akenbono's, a girl and he received it and brought it up with his wife. Her second, was to an unknown and the third and fourth children were Ariake the priests. Nijo never saw her third child after it was born and admits feeling nothing at all for her third son, her fourth child. I think that this is because Ariake had died before the birth and she was still grieving him, â€Å"I didn't want to see anyone. In Act Two Scene Two we are introduced to Marlene, a character brought in from Act One, Joyce, Marlene's sister, Angie, Joyce's daughter and Marlene's niece and Kit, Angie's friend. The following scene concentrates mainly on Marlene's niece, Angie and her younger friend, Kit. We begin to realise that Angie maybe slightly â€Å"simple† and troubled as she talks to Kit about controlling objects with her mind and things falling from the walls in her house, â€Å"Last night I was in bed and suddenly a picture fell down off the wall. The pair continually ignore Angie's mother, Joyce, shouting them from the house. This shows disrespect of the children to their mother. The childlike attitude of the children continues throughout the play, they continue to ignore the mother shouting and continue bantering as children would, â€Å"I don't want her to like me. † This eventually progresses into Angie suggesting that Joyce is not her biological mother, and Marlene, her aunt, is. â€Å"I think I'm my aunts child. I think my mother's really my aunt. For a girl of Angie's mentality to suggest something as complex as this must suggest that her and Joyce do not have a loving, sharing relationship, however, Angie's only explanation for this suggestion is â€Å"my mother hates her. † We learn further on in Scene Two that Joyce does not think very highly of Angie â€Å"I don't know who'd have her, mind. † This seems stranger for a mother to say to another child about her own daughter. This is possibly where Churchill is trying to insinuate that, at heart, Joyce does not care for her child as much as a normal mother would. Showing cracks in the couples, mother daughter relationship. Another loss of respect between Joyce and Angie is shown when Joyce calls her a â€Å"Fucking rotten little cunt. † And states â€Å"You can stay there and die†, this either shows that Joyce is now sick of Angie not listening to her or if she just does not have enough respect for her. Act Three actually happens a year before Act Two happens. Therefore the old dress that Angie puts on in Act Two, is the dress that Marlene gives her as a present in Act Three. Marlene and Joyce seem to have an awkward relationship, they are constantly bickering when Marlene first arrives, â€Å"I don't mind seeing you. â€Å"Great, I feel really welcome. † The pair wait until Angie has gone to bed before talking about her and her life, Angie refuses to go to sleep fore quite a while because her aunty is there, but eventually she gives in. Joyce then begins to talk about Angie, â€Å"I don't know how you could leave your own child. â€Å", Marlene does not react badly to this vici ous statement, she simply replies, â€Å"You were quick enough to take her. † I feel that this shows that Marlene does not know how much Joyce has done for her. She obviously does not appreciate that Joyce has brought Angie up the best that she could so that Marlene could move away and concentrate on her career. Joyce begins to take ownership of Angie as the argument continues, showing that she has a bond with her child, motherly love. â€Å"Course I do, she's my child. † Instead of moving away and getting a job and making money, Joyce took Marlene's baby and gave it a life. The relationship between Marlene and Joyce begins to break up as the two begin to blame each other for the mistakes they have made in life, â€Å"I did get pregnant and I lost it because I was so tired looking after your fucking baby. The Act ends with Joyce and Marlene apologising and Joyce going to bed, leaving Marlene alone to have another drink. Angie then wakes up calling for her mother and walks downstairs, when Angie realises that its Marlene sat there and Joyce has gone to bed she only mutters two words, â€Å"frightening† â€Å"frightening† . This symbolises Angie's weirdness and simple mindedness. Is she speaking about the conversation between Joyce and Marlene or is she speaking about the fact that she thought Marlene was her mother ?